Causes of Lightning Bolts

Firstly we should have to understand that many tiny ice crystals are present inside the cloud.



These tiny ice crystals collide with each other and transfer of electrons take place from some of ice crystals to some other ice crystals and hence net charge imbalance forms on ice crystals having roughly equal and opposite charges. The negatively charged ice crystals accumulate at bottom of cloud and positively charged ice crystals accumulate at top of cloud. 





Due to accumulation of negative charges onbottom of cloud , the ground get charged by induction and positive charges appear on its surface. When electron get sufficiently accumulated at bottom of cloud they gets flow tow ground and this phenomenon is called Lightning Bolt.  


Also the Lightning Bolts concentrate at paths where it can easily flow easily so it always flow through objects like tree, tents, mountain, hills and e.t.c.

Some time positive charges from ground also flow towards cloud and then BOLTS is due to positive charges of cloud.


HOW TO IGNORE ITS EFFECT 

When Lightning Bolt falls on ground the  the current get spread hemispherically through the ground. So the person who is standing on the ground can ignore the effect of this current by crouching down so that most of the current passes only through its feet leaving other body part safe. The reason why most of current passes through its feet is that current wants the path where it can flow easily. 

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